Fig 2: Expression levels of Cav-1, H-Ras, K-Ras and PLCe in 45 PPC and 36 CRPC tumor samples. (A) Cav-1, H-Ras, K-Ras and PLCe expression in PPC and CRPC was determined by immunochemistry (magnification, ×200) (the big red boxes are an enlargement of the area in the small red boxes, enlarged almost 7-fold). (B) Average staining scores for Cav-1, H-Ras, K-Ras and PLCe in PPC and CRPC tissues. (C) Correlation curve analysis for Cav-1 staining scores vs. H-Ras, K-Ras and PLCe staining scores in CRPC tissues. PPC, primary prostate cancer; CRPC, castration-resistant prostate cancer; Cav-1, caveolin-1; PLCe, phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase Ce.

Fig 3: The Ras signaling pathway is regulated by Cav-1. (A-D) Expression level of Cav-1, H-Ras, K-Ras and PLCe in DRFs of PC3 and En-R cells in different groups. (E and F) mRNA expression of verified the successful transfection of H-RasG12V or K-RasG12V plasmids. (G-J) Expression of PLCe in PC3 and En-R cell DRFs by western blot analysis. Cells were treated with activated Ras isoforms, H-RasG12V or K-RasG12V, and with H-RasG12V or K-RasG12V combined with knockdown of Cav-1. ***P<0.001. NS, not significant. En-R, enzalutamide-resistant LNCaP cells; DRF, detergent-resistant fraction; Cav-1, caveolin-1; PLCe, phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase Ce. B, blank; NC, negative control; sh, small hairpin; shCav-1, Cav-1 knockdown; Vector, empty vector of overexpression plasmid.