Fig 1: Effect of melatonin on Ste20-related proline alanine rich kinase (SPAK)/oxidative stress response kinase 1 (OSR1) expression in dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) neurons.(A) Western blots showing phospho- and total SPAK and OSR1 expression in DRN slices after melatonin treatment (0.1, 1, and 10 μM) for 4 h. (B–E) Averaged optical density of phospho- and total-forms of SPAK/OSR1 expressions after 4 h melatonin incubation, expressed relative to control. Each column represents the mean and SEM of data from 14–15 experiments. **p < 0.01, *p < 0.05 compared with control.