Fig 2: HDAC8 regulates the migration of MM cells. (A) Cells were transfected with si-NC or si-HDAC1-1 or -2 for 24 h, the protein expression of HDAC1 was checked, si-HDAC1-1 was used for subsequent experiments. (B) Wound healing assay for cells transfected with si-NC or si-HDAC1 for 24 h. (C) U266 and (D) RPMI8226 cells were transfected with si-NC or si-HDAC1 for 24 h, the mRNA expression of MMP2, MMP9 and E-Cad was evaluated. (E) U266 cells were transfected with si-NC or si-HDAC1 for 24 h, the protein expression of MMP2, MMP9 and E-Cad was determined and quantitatively analyzed. Data are presented as the mean ± SD of three independent experiments. **P<0.01. HDAC1, histone deactylase 1; MM, multiple myeloma; si, small interfering; NC, negative control; E-Cad, E-Cadherin.

Fig 3: MMP-9 immunostaining in bovine normal skin and fibropapillomas: (A) In bovine normal skin, a weak specific immunoreactivity for MMP-9 is noted in the cytoplasm of cells from basal cell layer (BL) (black arrow); 40 X. (B) In bovine fibropapillomas, MMP-9 is expressed by keratinocytes from basal (BL) (white arrow), spinosum (SL) (black arrow) and granular (GL) epithelial layers and fibroblast cells (black arrowhead) from dermal layer (DL); 20 X. (C) Strong cytoplasmic and perinuclear (white arrow) immunoreactivity of MMP-9 in keratinocytes from BL, SL, and GL (black arrowhead) of fibropapilloma; note the positivity of blood vessels (black arrow); 40 X. (D) Negative control: fibropapilloma with the first antibody anti-MMP-9 omitted and incubated with secondary antibody did not stain; 40 X.

Fig 4: Zymographic assay of gelatinases activity in bovine fibropapillomas (T) and normal skin (N) samples (A–E). (A) In all fibropapillomas, MMP-2 is present in both proform (72 kDa) and active form (62 kDa); in fibropapillomas the active form of MMP-9 (82 kDa) is present at higher levels. (B,D) Individual densitometric values of active MMP-2/-9 for each sample. (E) Mean densitometric values +/- standard deviations for active MMP-2/-9 in NS vs. T groups (*: statistically significant by t-test, P < 0.05).