Fig 2: In vitro and in vivo experiments verified the expression of hub genes. (a) Relative mRNA level of ALOX5, NCF1, NCF2, and NCF4 in RAW264.7. (b) HE stains showed control group in C57BL/6 mice and AS group in APOE-/- mice. (c and d) Immunohistochemistry staining of ALOX5 and NCF2 in the aortic valve. Analysis of ALOX5-positive area and NCF2-positive area in immunohistochemistry stains. (e, g) Increased ALOX5 and NCF2 expression in AS tissues and control tissues were detected by western blotting. (f, h) Analysis of ALOX5 and NCF2 protein relative expression in AS tissues compared to the control tissues, ***P < 0.001, **P < 0.01, and *P < 0.05.

Fig 3: The function of ALOX5, NCF2, NCF4, NCF1, and MMP9 using GSEA analysis (a–e).

Fig 4: Correlation between ALOX5, NCF2, NCF4, NCF1, and MMP9 with immune infiltrating cells.

Fig 5: Single-cell analysis identified the expression of ALOX5 and NCF2. (a) Umap of nine cell types in GSE159677. (b and c) ALOX5 and NCF2 had high expression levels in monocyte and macrophages M1 and macrophages M2.