Fig 2: ETV5 expression was downregulated in ATMs from HFD-fed mice and in in vitro induced MMe.A Etv5 mRNA levels in ATMs from CD- (n = 6) and HFD-fed (n = 6) mice. B Etv5 mRNA levels in BMDMs after 24 h of stimulation with palmitate (P, 0.4 mM), glucose (G, 30 mM), and insulin (I, 10 nM). Gene expression levels were assessed by RT-qPCR. Data were pooled from two independent experiments. C Single-cell RNA-sequencing data of stromal vascular fraction from mouse iWAT. tSNE plot showing myeloid cell clusters. D Featureplot showing Lyz2, Etv5 and Itgax expression by different myeloid cell clusters. E ETV5 protein levels and F quantification in Raw264.7 cells and BMDMs after treatment with P, G, I alone or in combination for 24 h. G ETV5 protein levels and H quantification in Raw264.7 cells and BMDMs after treatment with P, G, and I in pairs for 24 h. Data in E and G were representative of three independent experiments. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, Student’s t test.

Fig 3: The expression of Il6 after knockdown or overexpression of Etv5 in macrophages.A BMDMs were transfected with siRNA negative control (siRNA NC) or siRNA specific to Etv5 (siRNA Etv5) 48 h and Il6 expression was assessed by RT-qPCR 48 h later. Il6 expression levels of Raw264.7 cells after knockdown of Etv5 using shRNA B or overexpression of Etv5 C. Il6 expression levels of Raw264.7 cells after knockdown of Etv5 using shRNA D or overexpression of Etv5 E under MMe induction condition. F Il6 expression levels of BMDMs after treatment with palmitate, glucose, and insulin alone or with a combination of these compounds for 24 h. G–I Measuring IL-6 protein levels in the supernatant of Raw264.7 cell culture by ELISA. Cells were treated with palmitate (P) or PGI G, or underwent Etv5 knockdown using siRNA H, or shRNA I. Data in this result were all representative of three independent experiments. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, Student’s t test.