Fig 2: Detection of CHP2 expression in non–small cell lung cancer cell lines by Western blotting. A, CHP2 expression in 4 non–small cell lung cancer cell lines. B, Western blotting was used to detect the silencing effects of the 3 small interfering plasmids and the corresponding statistical quantograms. CHP2 indicates calcineurin B homologous protein 2; GAPDH, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase. *P<0.01 versus the negative control. The data are presented as the mean ± SD.

Fig 3: CHP2-mediated regulation of non–small cell lung cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro. The CCK-8 assay was used to detect the effects of CHP2 on H1299 and A549 cell viability (A1, A2). The H1299 and A549 cell lines were categorized into 3 groups as follows: blank control (parental) group, negative control (shControl) group and CHP2 interference (shCHP2) group. The CCK-8 assay was performed to detect the effects of knocking out CHP2 on the viability of non–small cell lung cancer cells. The wound-healing assay was used to detect the effects of CHP2 on the migratory ability of H1299 and A549 cells (B1, B2). H1299 and A549 tumor cells were obtained and classified into the aforementioned groups. The cell distances were recorded at 0, 12, and 24 hours, respectively, and photographed with a microscope. Transwell assays were used to examine the effects of CHP2 on H1299 (C1, C2, D1, D2) and A549 cell migration (C1, C2) and invasion (D1, D2). H1299 and A549 tumor cells were classified into the aforementioned groups and 5 fields were randomly selected from each chamber. The number of cells was counted in each field and plotted as a histogram (left panels). Typical images from microscopical assessment of the shControl and the shCHP2 groups (right panels) are shown (magnification, ×200). *P<0.01 versus the negative control. The data are presented as the mean±SD. CCK-8 indicates Cell Counting Kit-8; CHP2, calcineurin B homologous protein 2.

Fig 4: Tissue microarray immunohistochemical assay and Western blotting demonstrating the expression levels of CHP2 in non–small cell lung cancer tissues. Immunohistochemical staining of CHP2 was negative in adjacent normal lung tissues (A1, A2, B1, B2). CHP2 immunohistochemical staining was positive in squamous cell carcinoma tissues (C1, C2, D1, D2). CHP2 immunohistochemical staining was positive in lung adenocarcinoma tissues (E1, E2, F1, F2). CHP2 expression levels in lung cancer tissues were higher than those of the corresponding adjacent tissues (G1, G2); *P<0.01 versus the negative control. The data are presented as mean±SD. CHP2 indicates calcineurin B homologous protein 2; GAPDH, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase.