Fig 1: Evaluation of FGF15, FGFR4, KLB, CYP7A1, NTCP, and BSEP mRNA levels in liver tissues among the different experimental groups. a Bar chart representing the relative CYP7A1 mRNA expression level, b relative NTCP mRNA expression level, c relative BSEP mRNA expression level, d relative FGF15 mRNA expression level, e relative FGF4R expression level, and f relative KLB mRNA expression level. **P < 0.01, vs control group; ##P < 0.01, #P < 0.05, vs HFD group. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation and are the results of 2 independent experiments, n = 6. FGF15, fibroblast growth factor 15; FGFR4, fibroblast growth factor receptor 4; KLB, Klotho beta; CYP7A1, cholesterol 7-alpha hydroxy-lase; NTCP, Na + −taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide; BSEP, bile salt export protein; C, control; HFD, high-fat diet; Gyp, gypenosides; OCA, obeticholic acid
Fig 2: Changes in FGF15, FGFR4, KLB, CYP7A1, NTCP, and BSEP protein content in liver tissues among the different experimental groups. a Bar chart representing the relative CYP7A1 protein expression level in liver tissue, b relative NTCP protein expression level, c relative BSEP protein expression level, d relative FGF15 protein expression level, e relative FGFR4 protein expression level, and f relative KLB protein expression level in liver tissue. g Representative autoradiograph image of western blotting with the different antibodies. **P < 0.01, vs control group; ##P < 0.01, #P < 0.05, vs HFD group. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation, n = 3. C, control; HFD, high-fat diet; Gyp, gypenosides; OCA, obeticholic acid
Fig 3: Changes in the liver tissue levels of FXR, SHP, CYP7A1, BSEP, FGFR4, NTCP, and KLB proteins and ileal tissue levels of FGF15 with intervention of GC or OCA in wild type and FXR−/− mouse NAFLD models. (A) Western blot picture of wild-type mice. (B) Western blot picture of FXR−/− mice. (C) Quantified data of FXR protein in liver tissues. (D1, D2) Quantified data of SHP protein in liver tissues. (E1, E2) Quantified data of CYP7A1 protein in liver tissues. (F1, F2) Quantified data of BSEP protein in liver tissues. (G1, G2) Quantified data of NTCP protein in liver tissues. (H1, H2) Quantified data of FGF15 protein in ileal tissues; (I1, I2) Quantified data of FGFR4 protein in liver tissues. (J1, J2) Quantified data of KLB protein in liver tissues. Abbreviations: NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; ND, normal diet; HFD, high-fat diet; GC, geniposide and chlorogenic acid combination treatment; OCA, obeticholic acid; FXR−/−, FXR knockout.*p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01 (n = 3 per group).
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