Fig 1: PIP4K Acts at the Plasma Membrane to Regulate Insulin-Stimulated PIP3 Production(A) Constructs targeting dPIP4K to different subcellular compartments.(B) Confocal z-projections of S2R+ cells expressing (i) wild-type dPIP4K::eGFP, (ii) lysosome-targeted dPIP4K::GFP (Lyso-dPIP4K::eGFP), and dPIP4K::mCherry targeted to (iii) endomembranes (dPIP4K::mCherryEM- ER, Golgi, and endo-lysosomal system) and (iv) plasma membrane (dPIP4K::mCherryCAAX).(C) (i) Immunoblots from S2R+ lysates expressing indicated dPIP4K constructs used in the in vitro assay. (ii) In vitro PIP-kinase assay for different dPIP4K constructs from S2R+ cell lysates.(D–G) PIP3 measurement using the PH-GFP-GRP1 probe in insulin-stimulated (10 µM) dPIP4K29 salivary glands reconstituted with (D) Lyso-dPIP4K::eGFP, (E) dPIP4K::mCherryEM, and (F) dPIP4K::mCherryCAAX, and (G) overexpression of wild-type dPIP4K and dPIP4K::mCherryCAAX.(H) (i) Representative confocal z-projections of CHO-IR cells expressing GFP-PIP4K2B and PIP4K2B::mCherry-CAAX. Scale bars: 10 µm. (ii) Immunoblots for pAKT from insulin-stimulated (1 µM, 10 min) CHO-IR cells.Numbers below the blots are mean pAKT/Tot-AKT ratios from three independent experiments. Boxplots with whiskers at minimum and maximum values and a line at the median are shown. Numbers in parentheses below the plots indicate the number of biological replicates. Statistical tests: (D–G) one-way ANOVA with post hoc Tukey’s multiple pairwise comparison. *p value < 0.05; **p value < 0.01. See also Figures S3 and S4.
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