Fig 1: GPSM1 deficiency alleviates metabolic inflammation in HFD-fed mice.a–k Male GPSM1f/f; Lyz2-cre and age-matched GPSM1f/f mice were fed a HFD for 12 weeks. a Representative F4/80+ staining of eWAT sections. Scale bars, 100 µm. b Flow cytometry quantification of eWAT and scWAT F4/80+CD11b+ macrophages from GPSM1f/f and GPSM1f/f; Lyz2-cre mice (n = 6 biologically independent mice for GPSM1f/f and n = 5 biologically independent mice for GPSM1f/f; Lyz2-cre). c Flow cytometry quantification of TIM4- subset of total macrophages (n = 3 biologically independent mice per group). d Representative flow cytometry analysis and quantification of the expression of CD11c from CD45+F4/80+ cells in SVFs from eWAT and scWAT (n = 5 biologically independent mice for GPSM1f/f and n = 4 biologically independent mice for GPSM1f/f; Lyz2-cre). e Representative flow cytometry analysis and quantification of the expression of CD206 from CD45+F4/80+ cells in SVFs from eWAT and scWAT (n = 3 biologically independent mice per group). RT-qPCR analysis indicating mRNA abundance of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory genes in eWAT (f, n = 10 biologically independent mice per group) and scWAT (g, n = 9 biologically independent mice per group). h Serum concentrations of TNF-a, IL-1ß, IL-6, and CCL2 (n = 8 biologically independent mice per group). i Representative Masson’s trichrome staining of eWAT sections. Scale bars, 100 µm. RT-qPCR analysis indicating mRNA abundance of collagen synthesis genes in eWAT (j) and scWAT (k), n = 9 biologically independent mice per group. l, m Male GPSM1f/f; Lyz2-cre and age-matched GPSM1f/f mice were fed a HFD for 5 weeks. l Representative flow cytometry analysis and quantification of the expression of CD11c from CD45+F4/80+ cells in SVFs from eWAT (n = 5 biologically independent mice per group) and scWAT (n = 3 biologically independent mice per group). m RT-PCR analysis indicating mRNA abundance of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory genes in eWAT (n = 7 biologically independent mice per group). The experiments were repeated five times with similar results (a, i). Throughout, data are presented as means ± SEM. P values are determined by unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test (b–h, j to m).