Fig 1: Concentration-dependent effects of subchronic administration (7 days) of QTP on protein expression of pAkt (A), pErk (B) in the plasma membrane fraction and pAMPK (C) in the cytosol fraction of cultured astrocytes. In upper side histograms, ordinate: mean ± SD (n = 6) of the relative protein level of pAkt, pErk and pAMPK per Akt, Erk and AMPK, respectively. Abscissa: QTP level (µM). * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01: relative to control (QTP free), @ p < 0.05: relative to 10 µM QTP in panel A; # p < 0.05: relative to 3 µM QTP in panel C by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post-hoc test. Lower side panels indicate their pseudo-gel images, using capillary immunoblotting.