Fig 2: Analysis of giant cell structures in rice root galls after treatment with αβ-DC or DMSO solution. a Volume of each giant cell transection. b. Giant cells (*) induced by the nematode (N) in αβ-DC-amended root galls and DMSO solution were stained at 7 dpi with toluidine blue solution and photographed under an Olympus DP74 (bar = 50 μm). N denotes the nematode. c. Numbers of giant cells at each feeding site. The experiment was repeated twice, with ten galls in each treatment

Fig 3: CBS is involved in metastatic dissemination of PDAC. (A). Confirmation of CBS silencing in a T3M4 cell line by Western blot analyses and CBS activity measurements. (B). Tumor weights and histological assessment of intratumoral necrosis of tumors induced by orthotopical injection of control and shCBS T3M4 cells into the pancreas. Necrotic areas were evaluated by the Olympus cellSense Dimension software. Representative images are shown, experiments were repeated tree times. (C). Assessment of liver metastases 14 days after orthotopic injection of control and shCBS T3M4 cells into the pancreas. Liver sections were stained with H&E and the number of metastases per animal liver were evaluated with Olympus BX43 microscope equipped with a DP74 camera. The data are shown as mean ± SEM of 3 independent experiments with n = 5 animals in each group, **P < 0.001 compared to control.

Fig 4: Comparison of hepatic lipid peroxidation and ROS activity in four liver injury models. Formalin-fixed liver tissues from the CCl4 acute model (A), black arrows indicated hepatocyte swelling, DMN subchronic model (B), yellow arrows indicated bile duct hyperplasia, TAA chronic model (C), blue arrows indicated collagen deposition and restraint stress model (D), red arrows showed neutrophil infiltration were embedded in paraffin, sectioned with a microtome, stained with hematoxylin and eosin and mounted in Canada balsam. Histopathological analysis was performed with an Olympus IX71 microscope and an Olympus DP74 camera.

Fig 5: Representative NeuN-stained sections from dorsal hippocampus. Panels show sections from animals treated with: (a1,a2) Saline (relevant subfields of pyramidal cell layer are marked); (b1,b2) TMT (note almost complete neuronal loss in CA3c); (c1,c2) TMT + MK-801; (d1,d2) TMT + midazolam; (e1,e2) TMT + MK-801 + midazolam. Note different neuronal densities in CA3c. Sections from animals with neuronal density close to the group mean are depicted. Magnification: 4× (left panels); 10× (right panels). Microphotographs in Figure 5 were acquired using a microscope (left panels: Zeiss Axio Observer D1, 4×/0.1 objective lens; right panels: Olympus BX53, 10×/0.40 dry objective lens) connected to a camera (Olympus DP74 for the Olympus BX53 microscope, and Zeiss AxioCam MRm for the Zeiss microscope) and acquisition system in brightfield illumination in grayscale camera mode.