Fig 1: The effect of meleagrin on the gene expression of markers of fibrosis: (A) collagen type 1, (B) TGF-ß1, (C) a-SMA, (D) Smad-2 and (E) MMP-9 in the lung tissue of the experimental mice. TGF-ß1 = transforming growth factor-beta 1; a-SMA = alpha smooth muscle actin; MMP-9 = matrix metalloproteinase-9. Data are expressed as mean ± SD and analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s post hoc test (n = 8). * significantly different vs. the normal control group; # significantly different vs. the meleagrin group; ^ significantly different vs. the bleomycin group; $ significantly different vs. the bleomycin + meleagrin group. Differences were considered significant at p < 0.05.
Fig 2: The effect of meleagrin on the protein levels of markers of fibrosis (A) TGF-β1, (B) α-SMA, (C) phosphorylated Smad-2 and (D) MMP-9, and the level of extracellular matrix protein (E) elastin and (F) fibronectin in the lung tissue of the experimental mice. TGF-β1 = transforming growth factor-beta 1; α-SMA = alpha smooth muscle actin; MMP-9 = matrix metalloproteinase-9. Data are expressed as mean ± SD and analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s post hoc test (n = 8). * significantly different vs. the normal control group; # significantly different vs. the meleagrin group; ^ significantly different vs. the bleomycin group; $ significantly different vs. the bleomycin + meleagrin group. Differences were considered significant at p < 0.05.
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