Fig 1: ALS BCMA responses is higher in orally vaccinated subjects than in placebo recipients. Magnitudes of ALS BCMA responses from volunteers were primed with 2 oral doses 2 weeks apart (day 0 and day 14), of either vaccine buffer (placebo group, n = 21), or the oral ETVAX vaccine, administered with or without 10 μg dmLT (n = 46). Each symbol represents one individual. Filled diamonds or triangles represent individuals who responded to at least one ETVAX vaccine antigen in ALS IgA. Open diamonds and triangles represent subjects that did not respond to any of the vaccine antigens in ALS. ALS BCMA responses higher than the arbitrarily chosen level of 1.4 is indicated by a dashed line. Bars represent geometric means with 95% CI.
Fig 2: ALS BCMA responses correlate with ALS IgA responses to ETVAX vaccine antigens. Correlations between the vaccine specific ALS IgA responses against each individual ETVAX vaccine antigen (A–E) and magnitudes of ALS BCMA responses following primary (n = 46) and booster (n = 35) ETVAX vaccination. (A) LTB IgA, (B) CFA/I IgA, (C) CS3 IgA, (D) CS5 IgA, (E) CS6 IgA. (F) Correlations between the combined ALS IgA responses against the five major ETVAX vaccine antigens (response index) and the magnitudes of ALS BCMA responses following primary (n = 46) and booster (n = 35) ETVAX vaccination. Each symbol represents one individual. Filled squares represent vaccine responders with an ALS IgA combined response index >150. Open squares represent vaccine responders with an ALS IgA combined response index <135.
Fig 3: The usefulness of ALS BCMA as an oral vaccination biomarker. (A) Correlation between magnitudes of ALS BCMA responses following primary ETVAX vaccination and the combined booster ALS IgA responses to all five major ETVAX vaccine antigens (n = 29). (B) Magnitudes of ALS BCMA responses in volunteers who received ETVAX with 10 μg dmLT (n = 24) compared to ETVAX only (n = 21). Bars represent geometric means with 95% CI. Filled squares represent vaccine responders with an ALS IgA combined response index >150. Open squares represent vaccine responders with an ALS IgA combined response index <135.
Fig 4: BCMA responses in ALS specimens correlate with Dukoral® ALS vaccine responses in Swedish volunteers. (A) Concentrations of BCMA (pg/mL) in ALS specimens were quantified by ELISA in 29 individuals before (pre) and after (post) primary and booster Dukoral® vaccination. Horizonal bars represent geometric mean values. (B) Correlation between the magnitudes of ALS CTB IgA responses and ALS BCMA fold rises following primary and booster Dukoral® vaccinations. (C) Correlation between the magnitudes of ALS OSP IgA and ALS BCMA responses following primary and booster Dukoral® vaccinations. Each symbol represents one individual.
Fig 5: ALS BCMA response magnitudes correlate with ETVAX induced plasmablast responses. (A) Correlations of the magnitudes of total plamablast responses (fold rises in frequencies of CD19+CD27+CD38high cells among cells detected by flow cytometric analysis in post compared to pre-vaccination samples) induced by primary and booster ETVAX vaccination with ALS BCMA responses (n = 17). (B) Correlations of the magnitudes of IgA+ plamablast responses induced by primary and booster ETVAX vaccination with ALS BCMA responses (n = 16). Each symbol represents one individual. Filled squares represent vaccine responders with an ALS IgA combined response index >150. Open squares represent vaccine responders with an ALS IgA combined response index <135.
Supplier Page from Abcam for Human BCMA ELISA Kit