Fig 2: Cytotherapy of MSCs ameliorate hyperoxia-induced inflammation and angiogenesis-associated cytokine level changes in plasma and lung tissues in BPD rats. The plasma levels of proinflammatory and angiogenesis cytokines were measured including TNF-a (A), VEGFA (B) and ET1 (C). Hyperoxia induced increase of TNF-a and ET1 and decrease of VEGFA, while cytotherapy of MSCs ameliorated these changes. Some other proinflammatory cytokines were measured in lung tissue lysis, including TNF-a (D), IL1B (E) and IL6 (F). Cytotherapy of MSCs also ameliorated hyperoxia-induced proinflammatory cytokine increase. n = 5; *, p < 0.05 compared with the BPD group; &, p < 0.05 compared with the BPD+AF-MSC group; #, p < 0.05 compared with the BPD+UC-MSC group

Fig 3: Influence of sitagliptin on serum indices in the HFD-fed rats. (A) serum ET-1 levels, n = 3 in each group; (B) serum NO levels, n = 6 in each group; (C) serum SOD levels, n = 6 in each group; (D) serum T-AOC levels, n = 6 in each group; (E) serum FFA levels, n = 6 in each group; (F) serum MDA levels, n = 6 in each group; (G) serum IL-1ß levels, n = 3 in each group; (H) serum TNFa levels, n = 3 in each group. SCD: standard chow diet; HFD: high-fat diet; HFD + SIT: HFD and sitagliptin therapy group. All values displayed are mean ± SEM.*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01,***p < 0.001 vs. SCD group; # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01, ### p < 0.001 vs. HFD group.