Fig 1: RCE inhibits the production of IL-Iß, PGE2, and COX-2 in NR8383 cells. (a) The effects of RC and ambroxol on NR8383 cell proliferation. (b) After the NR8383 cells were treated with 100 mg/mL RC or 30 µg/mL ambroxol for 24 h, the effects of RCE and ambroxol on the production of IL-Iß, PGE2, and COX-2 in NR8383 cells. RC : Reineckia carnea, ns: not significant, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001.
Fig 2: The ELISA results of the serum levels of IL-Iß, PGE2, and COX-2. LD-RC : The rats were given a low dose of Reineckia carnea extract (0.14 g/kg) dissolved in 3 mL of saline. MD-RC : The rats were given a medium dose of Reineckia carnea extract (0.29 g/kg) dissolved in 3 mL of saline. HD-RC : The rats were given a high dose of Reineckia carnea extract (0.58 g/kg) dissolved in 3 mL of saline. ****P < 0.0001 vs. mock; ####P < 0.0001 vs. Model.
Fig 3: The level of inflammatory- and scar-related protein in the DRG. (A) Experimental paradigm. (B) PGE2, (C) TNF-a, (D) NF-?ß, (E) iNOS, (F) COX-2, and (G) 5-LOX in DRG tissues. (H) The expression of collagen I and fibronectin in DRG tissues at 0, 3, 7, and 14 days following injury, as evidenced by western blot analysis. (I) Protein data quantification from (H). Data are provided as mean ± SD, with n = 4 per treatment. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001 were deemed significant.
Fig 4: Pro-inflammatory markers and inflammatory enzymes levels in the sciatic nerve and brainstem on day 14 after the surgery. (A) PGE2, (B) TNF-a, (C) NF-?ß, (D) iNOS, (E) COX-2, and (F) 5-LOX in sciatic nerve and brainstem tissues. Data (n = 5) are expressed as means ± SEM. Data were analyzed with One-way ANOVA and Tukey test. *, # and @ denote p < 0.05 from sham, CCI, and pregabalin, respectively.
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