Fig 1: Effects of ECM components on cytokines in ASMCs. The expression of MMP-9, CXCL1, CXCL8 and IL-6 was determined following treatment with ECM components, including COL-1, LN and COL-3 in (A) normal ASMCs and (B) ASMCs from rat model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease using ELISA assay. Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation in triplicate. *P<0.05, **P<0.01 and ***P<0.001 vs. the control group. ECM, extracellular matrix; ASMCs, airway smooth muscle cells; MMP-9, matrix metalloproteinase-9; COL, collagen; LN, laminin; CXCL, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand; IL-6, interleukin-6.