Fig 1: Effects of dexamethasone on inflammation in a polymicrobial severe sepsis model. (A) Plasma TNF-alpha. (Sham n = 4; Control and DEX0.2, n = 10 to 11 per group). * p < 0.05 compared with sham; ** p < 0.05 compared with control using Kruskal-Wallis. (B) Plasma IL-6. (C) Plasma IL-10. (D) Plasma IL-6/IL-10 ratio. (Sham n = 4; Control and DEX0.2, n = 10 per group). * p < 0.05 compared with sham using Kruskal-Wallis; ** p < 0.05 compared with control using Mann-Whitney or t-test.
Fig 2: SSD against inflammation and pathological damage of upper genital tract by inhibiting SIRT1/NLRP3 signaling. 33 rats were used for these experiments: sham group (n = 8), SPID group (n = 6), SSD group (n = 6), SIRT1 inhibitor (EX527) group (n = 6), and SSD + EX527 group (n = 7). After the SPID model was established, the rats in the EX527 group were intragastrically administered with a 5 mg/kg/day SIRT1 inhibitor (Sigma, Munich, Germany; No. E7034). The rats in SSD + EX527 group were intragastrically administered with 5 mg/kg/day and 6.64 g/kg • day SSD. The rats in the sham group and SPID group were given the same amount of normal saline. The content of TNF-a (a) IL-1ß (b) IL-6 (c) and IL-18 (d) in serum samples of rats in each group was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). (e) The numbers of WBCs and lymphocytes were counted under a microscope. (f) H&E stain was used to observe the pathological changes in the fallopian tube and uterine tissues. The magnification is 200× and 400×. Yellow arrow: vasodilation and hyperemia; blue arrow: lymphocyte; black arrow: endometrial lamina propria edema; H&E: hematoxylin and eosin; WBCs: white blood cells; TNF: tumor necrosis factor; IL: interleukin; SPID: sequela of pelvic inflammatory disease; SSD: Shipi Shugan Decoction; FQC: Fuke Qianjin Capsules. **P < 0.01 (versus sham), ***P < 0.001 (versus sham), ##P < 0.01 (versus SPID), ###P < 0.001 (versus SPID), &P < 0.05 (versus SSD), and &&&P < 0.001 (versus SSD). Data represent the Mean ± SEM.
Fig 3: SSD dose-dependently attenuated inflammation of uterine and fallopian tube in SPID rats. 35 female rats were used for these experiments: Sham group (n = 8), SPID group (n = 6), high-dose SSD group (n = 8), low-dose SSD group (n = 6), and Fuke Qianjin Capsules (FQC) group (n = 7). After the SPID model was established, the rats in the high-dose SSD group and low-dose SSD group were intragastrically administered with 6.64 g/kg • day and 1.66 g/kg • day SSD, respectively. The rats in the FQC group were intragastrically administered with 0.22 g/kg • day after the suspension of FQC. The rats in the sham group and SPID group were given the same amount of normal saline. The contents of TNF-a (a) IL-1ß (b) IL-6 (c) and IL-18 (d) in serum samples of rats in each group were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). (e) The numbers of WBCs and lymphocytes were counted under a microscope. (f) H&E stain was used to observe the pathological changes in the fallopian tube and uterine tissues. The magnification is 200× and 400×. Yellow arrow: vasodilation and hyperemia; green arrow: degeneration and necrosis of epithelial cells; blue arrow: lymphocyte; black arrow: endometrial lamina propria edema. H&E: hematoxylin and eosin; WBCs: white blood cells; TNF: tumor necrosis factor; IL: interleukin; SPID: sequela of pelvic inflammatory disease; SSD: Shipi Shugan Decoction; FQC: Fuke Qianjin Capsules. *P < 0.05 (versus sham), **P < 0.01 (versus sham), ***P < 0.001 (versus sham), #P < 0.05 (versus SPID), ##P < 0.01 (versus SPID), and ###P < 0.001 (versus SPID). Data represent the Mean ± SEM.
Supplier Page from Abcam for Rat TNF alpha ELISA Kit