Fig 1: Effect of STGPT (20, 40 and 80 mg/kg) on p-p38 MAPKa (A); p-Ikkß (B); and ERK1/2 (C) in mice with NDEA-induced HCC. Data are presented as the mean ± SD (n = 6). +++ p < 0.001 vs. Control group, ++++ p < 0.0001 vs. Control group, ***p < 0.001 vs. NDEA group, ****p < 0.0001 vs. NDEA group, #### p < 0.0001 vs. STGPT 20 group, @@ p < 0.01 vs. STGPT 40 group, @@@@ p < 0.0001 vs. STGPT 40 group. Control, normal control group received the vehicle; STGPT 80, normal group received sitagliptin (80 mg/kg); NDEA, NDEA-induced HCC group received the vehicle; NDEA + STGPT 20, NDEA-induced HCC group treated with sitagliptin (20 mg/kg); NDEA + STGPT 40, NDEA-induced HCC group treated with sitagliptin (40 mg/kg); NDEA + STGPT 80, NDEA-induced HCC group treated with sitagliptin (80 mg/kg).