Fig 2: Verification of anti-AMFR antibody. (A) Western blot analysis of tissue and cell lysates and plasma as taken from the Human Protein Atlas portal for HPA029018. (B) Western blot with different dilution of cell lysates (LY) overexpressing AMFR (Supporting Information Fig. 1–4) and nontransfected reference cells (C1–C4). (C) Epitope mapping of anti-AMFR HPA029018 using a peptide array, and displaying reactive AMFR peptides with common motif (highlighted) and (D) identified peptides representing other proteins. (E) Interaction analysis of HPA029018 using antigen microarray built with 13 363 unique antigens.

Fig 3: Summary of sample analysis in two study sets. The overlap within (A) trends and (B) statistical significance across both assays and study sets is shown. (A) As listed within the Venn diagram, 20 antibodies revealed a congruent higher detection level in osteoporosis cases than in controls, while 16 antibodies revealed congruent lower levels. (B) Protein targets of 11 antibodies were associated with osteoporosis status in both assays and one of the study sets, while only anti-AMFR antibody HPA029018 was supportive in both study sets and assays.