Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widely used in everyday products due to their water-repellent and heat-resistant properties. However, they pose a significant environmental and health risk as they are poorly biodegradable and accumulate in the environment. A recent study led by the Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ) and published in Chemosphere , investigated how PFAS affect the human immune system at the cellular level.
Using multiparameter spectral flow cytometry, researchers examined immune cells from healthy donors after exposure to different PFAS mixtures. The study found that immune cells exposed to PFAS displayed reduced activity, especially in T cells. Additionally, PFAS inhibited MAIT cells and T-helper cells, impairing the body's defense against pathogens and reducing antibody production.
Epidemiological studies have linked increased PFAS exposure to reduced immune responses after childhood vaccinations, raising concerns about the potential impact on long-term health. PFAS exposure has also been associated with liver damage, hormonal disorders, and lower birth weights.
Despite potential restrictions on PFAS usage, these substances persist in the environment, making it crucial to understand their effects on human health. The study's findings highlight the need for immunotoxicity testing in regulatory procedures for chemicals. With this new testing method, the research team aims to pave the way for further investigations into PFAS mixtures and concentrations in human blood, providing valuable insights into their effects on the immune system.