Fig 1: Proliferation defects of neuroprogenitors in the Mcph1-?e8 embryonic cortex. (A) Immunostaining of the E15.5 embryonic cortex after EdU pulse labeling for 1 hr using antibodies against EdU (green) and pS28-H3 (a mitotic marker, red). The nucleus is counterstained by DAPI (blue). (B) Quantification of the percentages of EdU+ and pS28-H3+ cells among the total DAPI+ cells. (C) Double staining of the E15.5 brain cortex using antibodies against EdU (green) and Ki67 (red). EdU was injected on E14.5 of embryonic development and embryos were harvested at 24 hrs later (E15.5). (D) Cell cycle exit index was calculated by the ratio of EdU+Ki67- vs. total EdU+ cells. The numbers of control (Con) and mutant (Mcph1-?e8) cells scored are indicated in the tables below their respective graphs. n: the number of mice analyzed. Unpaired Student’s t-test was used for statistical analysis. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001.