Fig 1: Frequencies of T cell subsets, their activations status, and cytokine production are similar between AITD subjects and controls(A) Frequencies of CD4+ naive (CD27 + CD45RA+), central memory (Tcm; CD27 + CD45RA-), effector memory (Tem; CD27-CD45RA-), and effector memory CD45RA+ (TEMRA; CD27-CD45RA+) T cells reveals an increase in naive and a correlated decrease in Tcm cells in pediatric subjects (PA, PH) compared to adults (AA, AH), irrespective of disease status.(B) Frequencies of CD8+ naive, Tcm, Tem, and TEMRA cells are not statistically different in AITD patients compared to controls.(C) Frequencies of Tfh (CD4+PD-1+CXCR5+ICOS+) and Tph (CD4+PD-1+CXCR5-ICOS+) cells in AITD patients and controls. The frequency of Tph cells is increased, but not significantly, in AITD subjects compared to controls.(D and E) T cells from AITD patients do not appear more activated than controls based on PD-1 or HLA-DR positivity.(F) CD4+ T cells from AITD patients do not produce more Th1 cytokines (IFN-y, IL-6, and TNF-a) or the Th17 cytokine, IL-17, compared to controls. PA: pediatric AITD, PH: pediatric healthy control, AA: adult AITD, AH: adult healthy control. Data are represented as mean ± SEM. Samples were processed as depicted in Figure S1. Frequency of T cell subsets, activation markers, and cytokine production were determined by manual gating, as depicted in Figures S3 and S4. See also Figure S5 for frequencies of CD4, CD8, and DN (CD4-CD8-) T cells. Statistical significance determined by One-way ANOVA with Sidak multiple comparisons post-test. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.