Fig 1: Cell-specific transcription factors (TFs) in endocrine and exocrine cells across species(A–E) Violin plots showing the expression levels of identified cell-specific TFs using the SCENIC method, including ATF3 (Atf3), PDX1 (Pdx1), MAFB (Mafb), MAFA, and NEUROD1 (Neurod1). (F) A representative image of multi-color IHC staining from human PDAC sections. The depicted area within the section (white rectangle) is zoomed-in. Expressions of KRT19 (green), PRSS1 (pink), and ATF3 (yellow) are marked with different colors. Nuclei are counterstained with DAPI (blue).(G) Multi-color IHC staining of normal pancreatic and PDAC sections, and representative images of pancreatic islets are the same as those in Figures 3C and 3D. Expressions of PDX1 are marked with azure fluorophore.