Fig 2: Hsp90ab1 expression was up-regulated in GC cell lines and patients. a Expression levels of Hsp90ab1 were determined by Western blotting in GC and gastric mucosa epithelial cell lines. b The relative protein expression levels were quantified by using Quantity One Software, and the relative protein abundance of Hsp90ab1 in the individual cells was calculated by normalization with Tubulin expression. c Expression of Hsp90ab1 in 102 paired human GC tissues by q-PCR, which was determined by normalization with GAPDH control. d Expression analyses of Hsp90ab1 protein in the 12 paired gastric carcinomas samples by Western blotting. N normal mucosa, T tumor. The protein expression levels were quantified by Quantity One Software, and the relative protein abundance was determined by normalization with Tubulin. Error bars represented the mean ± SD of three replicates. #p > 0.05; *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001

Fig 3: Hsp90ab1 inhibited the ubiquitin degradation of LRP5 and promoted the proliferation and invasion of GC cells by activating AKT and Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway. a HEK 293 T cells were transiently transfected with LRP5-wt plasmid or the K142R, K592R, K802R, K1231R, and K1561R mutants, and treated with CHX at 10 µg/ml for the indicated times. Cell lysates were assessed by Western blot analysis. b HEK 293 T cells were transiently transfected with LRP5-wt plasmid or the K142R, K592R, K802R, K1231R and K1561R mutants, and treated with CHX at 10 µg/ml and MG132 at 30 µM for 12 h. Cell lysates were assessed by Western blot analysis. c HEK 293 T cells were transiently co-transfected with LRP5-wt plasmid or the K1561R mutants and Hsp90ab1, and treated with CHX at 10 µg/ml and MG132 at 30 µM for 12 h. Cell lysates were assessed by Western blot analysis. d Hsp90ab1 increased the LRP5 level by inhibiting its ubiquitin-mediated degradation in BGC823 cells. e Western blotting analyses of the levels of Akt, Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathways and classical EMT markers in GC cells treated with Hsp90ab1 or shRNA1. f Western blotting analyses of the levels of Hsp90ab1, LRP5 and classical EMT markers in GC cells treated with co-transfection of Hsp90ab1 and siLRP5 or shHsp90ab1 and LRP5

Fig 4: Hsp90ab1 interacted with LRP5 protein in GC. a Immunoprecipitation assays were used to identify proteins associated with Hsp90ab1. The anti-Hsp90ab1 and IgG antibody were incubated with cell extracts, the bands specific were excised and submitted for mass spectrometry, and LRP5 was identified to be a Hsp90ab1-binding protein. b Co-IP of Hsp90ab1 and LRP5 with each other from proteins of BGC823 and MKN45 cells in GC cells. c Confocal immunofluorescence analysis showed the presence and localization of Hsp90ab1 and LRP5 in the cytoplasm of MKN45 cells. d, e Schematics outlines of both Hsp90ab1 and LRP5 structure features. f–h GST pull-down assay results indicated the direct interaction between Hsp90ab1 and LRP5. i Pull-down of LRP5 by GST-tagged Hsp90ab1 fragment (264–609a) and Hsp90ab1 fragment (1–263/610–724a)

Fig 5: TPX2 exhibits a significant positive correlation with the AKT signaling pathway in osteosarcoma. (A) The AKT signaling pathway. (B-D) Pearson's rank correlation analysis of the correlation of TPX2 expression with (B) HSP90, (C) AKT and (D) BRCA1 in osteosarcoma. (E) Knockdown of TPX2 inhibits the AKT signaling pathway. (F) TPX2 regulated by miR-29c-3p induces cell proliferation in osteosarcoma via the AKT signaling pathway. *P<0.05, **P<0.01 and ***P<0.001. KD, knockdown; TPX2, targeting protein for Xenopus kinesin-like protein 2; miR, microRNA; NC, negative control.