Fig 2: Qualitative analysis of inflammatory marker (IL-5), remodeling marker (MMP-12), oxidative stress (iNOS), and signaling pathway (NF-?B). Photomicrographs of the results of the immunohistochemical analyses show the presence of inflammation around the airways. The red arrows indicate positive cells for IL-5, MMP-12, iNOS and NF-?B. Magnification of 400×. The experimental groups include SAL, OVA, ELA, ACO, ACO-pep-BbKI, ACO-DX, and ACO-DX-pep-BbKI. IL, interleukin; MMP, metalloproteinase; iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase; NF, nuclear factor.

Fig 3: Qualitative analysis of inflammatory marker (IL-5), remodeling marker (MMP-12), oxidative stress (iNOS), and signaling pathway (NF-?B). Photomicrographs of the results of the immunohistochemical analyses show the presence of inflammation in the alveolar septa. The red arrows indicate positive cells for IL-5, MMP-12, iNOS and NF-?B. Magnification of 400×. The experimental groups include SAL, OVA, ELA, ACO, ACO-pep-BbKI, ACO-DX, and ACO-DX-pep-BbKI. IL, interleukin; MMP, metalloproteinase; iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase; NF, nuclear factor.