Fig 1: Causal contribution of TRAM-mediated IRF7 during the generation of exhausted monocytes.a WT monocytes were treated with high-dose LPS (1 µg/mL) in the presence of IRF7 siRNA or control siRNA for 5 days. The expression of S100A8 was determined with flow cytometry. b Tram−/− monocytes were treated with high-dose LPS (1 µg/mL) in the presence of IRF3 siRNA or control siRNA for 5 days. The expression of S100A8 was determined with flow cytometry. Data are representative of three independent experiments, and error bars represent means ± SEM. **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001; one-way ANOVA (n = 4 for each group). c A schematic summary of the potential dynamics involved in the programming of inflammatory monocytes and exhausted monocytes.