Fig 1: TIM-3, Galectin-9, and CEBPA expression levels evaluated by IHC protein staining in glioma samples stratified by WHO grade and 1p/19q codeletion status. (A) IHC staining of CEBPA, Galectin-9 and TIM-3 in glioma samples stratified by WHO grade and 1p/19q codeletion status. (B) Differential analysis of HScore of IHC staining of CEBPA, Galectin-9 and TIM-3 in glioma samples. The significance of the difference between the two groups was verified by Student’s t-test. ****p < 0.0001.
Fig 2: Decreased CEBPA expression leads to a decrease in Galectin-9 expression and an increase in the efficacy of cytotherapy. (A) Results of RT-PCR showed that the decrease of CEBPA leads to a significant decrease in the mRNA expression of Galectin-9 in U87. (B) Results of western blot showed that the decrease of CEBPA leads to a significant decrease in protein expression of Galectin-9 in U87. (C) Results of flow cytometry showed that the proportion of Galectin-9 and TIM-3 positive cells in patients with 1p/19q codel LGGs was significantly lower than that in patients with 1p/19q non-codel LGGs. There was no significant difference in the proportion of CD3 positive cells between the two groups. (D) Results of in vivo fluorescence imaging showed that the decrease of CEBPA can enhance the killing effect of T cells on tumor cells. The significance of the difference between the two groups was verified by Student’s t-test. ns p > 0.05, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.
Fig 3: 1p/19q codeletion downregulated Galectin-9 expression via CEBPA. (A) Correlations between Galectin-9 and transcription factors by Pearson correlation analysis in the CGGA and TCGA databases. (B) Correlation between Galectin-9 and CEBPA detected by Pearson correlation analysis in the TCGA pan-cancer database. (C) t-SNE analysis performed to evaluate the association between Galectin-9 expression and the loss of chromosome 19q.
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