Fig 1: Immunity-and-matrix regulatory cells (IMRCs) enhanced hippocampal synaptic plasticity in 5×FAD mice. (a), (b), Long-term potentiation (LTP) in the hippocampal CA1 region was induced by high-frequency stimulation (HFS); 5×FADM-IV, intravenous (IV) IMRC administration; 5×FADM-ICV, intracerebroventricular (ICV) IMRC administration; 5×FADNaCl, IV NaCl treatment. (A), Averaged slopes of baseline normalized field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSPs). (B), Quantification of mean fEPSP slopes during the last 10 min of the recording after LTP induction (n = 10 slices per group from 3 mice, mean ± SEM, *p < .05; unpaired Student's t test). (C), (D), Representative confocal images of vGlut1immunostaining in the hippocampus of 5× FAD mice administered IMRCs (5×FADM-IV) or NaCl (controls; 5×FADNaCl) by tail vein injection (c) and relative quantification (d). Pink, vGlut1; blue, DAPI (n = 5-6 slices per group from 3 mice). Scale bar, 20 µm; data are presented as means ± SEM; ***P < .001, unpaired Student's t test
Fig 2: HFD-induced changes on levels of vesicular glutamate and GABA transporters. (A) Shows representative Western blots of vGluT1 (B), vGluT2 (C), and vGAT (D). Samples from three mice of each group were loaded in SDS-PAGE gels (20 µg of protein). Measured immunoreactivity was normalized to the average of the three controls (10%-fat group, white bar) to allow pooling data from different gels. Data are mean ± SEM of n = 6. Symbols indicate significant differences in LSD tests after significant ANOVA, comparing HFD fed mice (45% fat or 60%-fat) and controls (10%-fat; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01), or the diets containing 45% and 60% fat (§§ P < 0.01).
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