Fig 1: CAF-induced CD39 expression can be inhibited by neutralizing IFN-? and TNF-a or by inhibition of TGF-ß signaling a) Expression of CD39, LAG-3, PD-1 and Tim3 on CD8 + T cells activated either alone (PBMC-only) or in co-culture with CAF (+CAF) in the presence of neutralizing antibody together IL-6 or IL-27. b) Expression of CD39, CD49b, Tim3, PD-1 LAG3 and CD103 on activated CD8+ T cells either cultured alone (media) or in co-culture with CAF (+CAF) and neutralizing antibodies to IFN-? and TNF-a, anti-PD-L1, anti-PD-1, SB431542, SB431542+ anti-PD-1 or isotype control antibody as indicated. Error bars show standard deviation of triplicate wells. Significance shown for each parameter when compared to +CAF. Results for SB431542 are representative of those from three repeat experiments using different PBMCs. For PD-1, NA where PD-1 blockage used with PD-1 surface levels. One way ANOVA was used for all statistical analysis with Tukey’s multiple comparisons posttest (ns = not significant,* P = <0.05, ** P = <0.01, *** P = <0.001, ****P = <0.0001)