Fig 2: NMDA effect on carbachol-induced GAS with blockade of NMDAR by (AP5), nAChRs (pentamine), mAChRs (atropine) and m1AChRs (gastrozepine) along with gastrin/CCK (proglumide) and H2-histamine receptor (ranitidine). The basal acid output is presented for comparison. The HCl output was measured following isolated stomach perfusion as described by Ghosh and Shild. The data are presented as the mean ± SD (N = 11), *P < 0.05, compared with the output under the inhibitor action indicates a statistically significant difference (Student’s t-test).