Fig 2: GPER1 as proposed molecular mechanism of genistein in pancreatic cancer cells. A, A higher expression of GPER1 mRNA (>68 RSEM) is correlated with better overall survival (log-rank test, P = .019) in the TCGA cohort of pancreatic cancer patients (n = 175). B, GPER1 mRNA and (C) protein is expressed in both MiaPaCa2 and PANC1, and higher in PANC1. Protein is indicated at approximately 43 kDa, the erythroleukemia HEL and leukemic monocyte THP1 cell lines that have no mRNA evidence of GPER1 (per the http://www.proteinatlas.org) were used as negative controls, and GAPDH was used as a loading control. D, Proposed molecular mechanism of genistein includes activation of the GPER1 and downstream proposed targets, based on RNA-seq analysis of treated MiaPaCa2 and PANC1 cells. E, Expression (FPKM values) of proposed genistein-targets upregulated upon co-treatment with genistein compared to gemcitabine monotreatment (FDR < 0.05) in MiaPaCa2 (left) and PANC1 (right)