Fig 1: Gmfb deficiency increased the nuclear localization of MKL1 and induced MKL1/SRF target gene expression.a Osteoclasts with or without HG were immunostained for MKL1 (green) and nuclei (blue, DAPI). Nuclei are outlined in the white line, based on DAPI staining. Scale bar: 25 µm. b Quantification of the nuclear:cytosolic ratio of MKL1 by measuring the average intensity of MKL1 in the nucleus and cytoplasm. c Effect of CCG-1423 (1 µM, 24 h) on SZ formation in osteoclasts. Cells were treated with CCG-1423 on day 6 and immunostained for F-actin (red, phalloidin) and nuclei (blue, DAPI). Scale bar: 25 µm. d Quantitative analysis of the SZ area in (c). Each point represents one cell. e Detection of mRNA expression of the MKL1/SRF target genes Acta2, Vcl, Cftr, Fhl2, Mmp14, and Mmp9 by RT?qPCR. mRNA levels were normalized to Gadph mRNA levels. The data are shown as the mean ± SD (N = 2). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.0001 and ****p < 0.00001 (Student’s t test).