Fig 2: The expression of TWF1 was related to TMB and immunotherapy sensitivity of LUAD. (A) TMB; (B) the relationship between TWF1 expression and immunotherapy sensitivity of LUAD. TWF1, twinfilin actin binding protein 1; TMB, tumor mutation burden; LUAD, lung adenocarcinoma.

Fig 3: Interfering with TWF1 expression inhibited the growth and migration of A549 cells. (A) Scratch assay (10× magnification); (B) CCK-8. **P<0.01, ***P<0.001 by Student’s t-test. TWF1, twinfilin actin binding protein 1; si-NC, small interfering RNA negative control; si-TWF1, small interfering RNA targeting TWF1; OD, optical density; CCK-8, cell counting kit-8.

Fig 4: Differential expression of TWF1. (A,B) TWF1 was differentially expressed in LUAD tissue in TCGA database; (C,D) differential expression of TWF1 in lung cancer tissues and normal tissues of 12 LUAD patients (stained with DAB immunohistochemical chromogenic reagent, 20× magnification). ***P<0.001, ****P<0.0001 by Student’s t-test. TWF1, twinfilin actin binding protein 1; LUAD, lung adenocarcinoma; TCGA, The Cancer Genome Atlas; DAB, 3,3'-diaminobenzidine; TCGA, The Cancer Genome Atlas; LUAD, lung adenocarcinoma; T, tumor; N, normal.

Fig 5: Interfering with TWF1 expression inhibited the invasiveness of A549 cells. (A) Differential expression of TWF1 in H1299, A549, and Beas 2b cells; (B) interference with TWF1 expression in A549 cells; (C) transwell assay (stained with 0.1% crystal violet, 20× magnification); (D) the relationship between TWF1 and MMP1 was analyzed by TCGA database and validation of the relationship between TWF1 and MMP1. *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001 by Student’s t-test. TWF1, twinfilin actin binding protein 1; si-NC, small interfering RNA negative control; si-TWF1, small interfering RNA targeting TWF1; FPKM, fragments per kilobase of transcript per million mapped reads.