Fig 1: LND inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation independent of HK2. A Western blot analysis of HK2 expression in LPS-primed BMDMs treated with various doses of ATP for 30 min. B Western blot analysis of IL-1β and cleaved caspase-1 (p20) in the supernatants (SN) and pro-IL-1β, pro-caspase-1 and HK2 in the lysates of LPS-primed BMDMs transfected with control, scrambled siRNA or HK2-specific siRNA as indicated for 24 h and then stimulated with ATP. C ELISA analysis of IL-1β in the supernatants of BMDMs. D Western blot analysis of IL-1β and cleaved caspase-1 (p20) in the culture supernatants (SN) of LPS-primed BMDMs from HK2−/−mice treated for 30 min with LND and then stimulated with ATP. Western blot analysis of pro-IL-1β, pro-caspase-1 and HK2 in the lysates of those cells. E ELISA analysis of IL-1β in the supernatants of BMDMs. The data are expressed as the mean ± SEM *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; ****P < 0.0001; NS, not significant. The data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test