Fig 2: NF-κB1, IL-6, MMP-13 and caspase-3 expression in the in vivo model of OA. (A) The relative protein expression levels of NF-κB1, IL-6, MMP-13 and caspase-3 were determined by western blot analysis in tissue samples from mice in the Sham, OA and OA + Res groups. Quantification of (B) NF-κB1, (C) IL-6, (D) MMP-13 and (E) caspase-3 protein expression. *P<0.05 vs. OA + Res group; **P<0.05 vs. sham group. NF-κB1, nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1; IL-6, interleukin-6; MMP-13, matrix metallopeptidase 13; OA, osteoarthritis; Res, Resveratrol.

Fig 3: Significant differences in CVL levels of IL-6, MIP-1β, and IL-17A among the 3 vaccine groups at different time points including Week 0 and 90 analyzed using Mann-Whitney t-test. Data presented as values from individual monkeys with median. (A–C) IL-6 (D–I) MIP-1β (J,K) IL-17A. n = 8 monkeys/group (n = 7 for Gag/Env). Experiments were run in duplicates. *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01. Non-significant differences between groups were not included.

Fig 4: Effect of Res treatment on miR-9, NF-κB1, IL-6, MMP-13, caspase-3 expression in mouse chondrocytes. The relative (A) miR-9 and (B) NF-κB1 mRNA expression levels were determined by RT-qPCR in chondrocytes following treatment with 0, 15 or 30 mM Res for 48 h. (C) The relative NF-κB1, IL-6, MMP-13 and caspase-3 protein expression levels were determined by western blot analysis in chondrocytes following treatment with 0, 15 or 30 mM Res for 48 h. Quantification of (D) NF-κB1, (E) IL-6, (F) MMP-13 and (G) caspase-3 protein expression. n=3. *P<0.05 vs. control group. miR, microRNA; NF-κB1, nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1; IL-6, interleukin-6; MMP-13, matrix metallopeptidase 13; Res, Resveratrol.