Fig 1: Inflammatory cytokines. a Immunohistochemistry staining for inflammatory markers TNF-a and IL-6 in kidney tissue. b Western blot on kidney tissue measuring inflammatory markers TNF-a and NF-?B (left), alongside their quantification (right). c Quantitative real-time PCR on kidney tissue measuring inflammatory markers Nfkb, Il6, and Tnfa. d ELISA measurement of blood serum concentrations of cytokines IL-1ß, IL-6, and TNF-a. Each group has n = 5 mice. Significant difference ap < 0.05: relative to untreated control; bp < 0.05: relative to AKI; cp < 0.05: relative to AKI-EV; dp < 0.05: relative to AKI-EV-pFUS