Fig 1: Alteration of fibrosis markers in the kidneys of WT and Il20rb KO mice following UUO. The blue areas of the Masson’s trichrome and the red areas of the SiriusRed-stained kidney sections represent the collagen deposits of WT and Il20rb KO mice following the onset of UUO (Fig. 3a, b). The protein amount of fibronectin and α-SMA in the kidney tissue of WT and Il20rb KO mice after UUO was measured by Western blot analysis in comparison with GAPDH as internal control (c, d and Additional file 1: Figure S4b, c). The renal mRNA expression of Tgfb1 (e) Pdgfb (f) and Ctgf (g) in the kidney tissues of WT and Il20rb KO mice was determined by real-time PCR in comparison with Gapdh as internal control. Values were expressed as mean ± SD. n = 6–7 in each group; *p < 0.05 vs. control (Kruskal–Wallis test); #p < 0.05 vs. WT UUO day 7 (Mann–Whitney U-test); $p < 0.05 vs. WT UUO day 14 (Mann–Whitney U-test). Scale bar: 50 µm (a, b)
Fig 2: Effect of IL-1ß, TNF-a, TGF-ß and IL-17 treatment on the expression of IL19, IL20, IL24 and their receptors. The mRNA expression of IL19, IL20, IL24, IL20RA, IL20RB and IL22RA was determined by real-time RT-PCR in comparison with RPLP0 as internal control. Heat maps illustrate the mean fold change in relative expression of the examined genes after different treatments in FHs74Int cells (a), pdMFs (b) and PBMCs of children with CD (f) compared to vehicle controls (n = 6). Graphs of individual measurements can be found in Additional files 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. The mRNA expression of IL19 (c), IL20 (d) and IL24 (e) was determined in the PBMCs of 8–8 children with CD and controls, respectively. Results are presented as mean ± SD. ND: not detectable; *p < 0.05 vs. control (Mann–Whitney U-test)
Fig 3: Renal expression of Il19, Il20, Il24 and their receptors following unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). Renal mRNA expression of Il19 (a), Il20 (b), Il24 (c), Il20ra (d), Il20rb (f) and Il22ra1 (e) of mice underwent UUO and that of controls was determined by real-time RT-PCR in comparison with Gapdh as internal control. The renal protein amount of IL-20RB of WT mice underwent UUO and that of controls was measured by Western blot analysis in comparison with GAPDH as internal control (g and Additional file 1: Figure S4a). Localization of IL-20RB (brown; h) was investigated by immunohistochemical staining in the kidney of mice underwent UUO and in that of controls. Values were expressed as mean ± SD. n = 5–6 in each group; *p < 0.05 vs. control (Kruskal–Wallis test). Scale bar: 50 µm (h)
Fig 4: Tissue remodeling-associated factors in WT vs. Il20rb KO mice after DSS treatment. Relative protein level of FN1 (c, d) and aSMA (c, e) in colon tissue were measured by Western blot analysis, relative mRNA expression of Tgfb1 (a), Pdgfb (b), Col1a1 (e), Col3a1 (f), Fn1 (g), Acta2 (h), Mmp2 (i), Mmp9 (j), Timp1 (k) and Timp2 (l) was measured by real-time PCR, by comparison with Gapdh as internal control (n = 6). Results are presented as mean ± SD. *p < 0.05 vs. WT control; #p < 0.05 vs. WT DSS (Mann–Whitney U-test)
Fig 5: Severity of DSS-induced colitis in WT and Il20rb KO mice. Percentage of body weight change (a) and disease activity index of colitis (b) in DSS-treated mice (n = 6) was determined daily. Each point represents a mean value ± SEM. *p < 0.05 WT DSS vs. Il20rb KO DSS on the given day (Mann–Whitney U-test). Mean ± SD area under curve (AUC) values of body weight curves (c) and disease activity index (d). #p < 0.05 vs. WT control; $p < 0.05 vs. WT DSS (Mann–Whitney U-test)
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