Fig 2: Renal fibrosis in 5/6NX rats were significantly attenuated by ICV AAV-DKK1. a The PAS and Sirius red images displaying the level of glomerulosclerosis index and interstitial fibrosis score in kidney, respectively. b The western blot images displaying the expression level of Fibronectin (FN), Collagen-I and a-SMA in kidney. c, d Bar graphs representing the statistical results of the PAS (c) and Sirius red (d), respectively (20 images/rat). e The bar graph representing the statistical results of the western blot in (B). n = 5 per group, *P < 0.05 vs sham group, #P < 0.05 vs ICV vector+DKK1 group

Fig 3: Schematic model for the proposed mechanism of LINC00238. miR, microRNA; SFRP2, secreted frizzled related protein 2; DKK1, dickkopf1; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma.

Fig 4: Kaplan–Meier analysis reveals the correlation between patient prognosis and DKK1 levels in the IHC cohort. a Representative images of DKK1 protein levels (original magnification, × 200 for all images). b,c Comparison of the Kaplan–Meier plots for the OS (b) and RFS (c) between patients with DKK1high and DKK1low GC. For all Kaplan-Meier plots, the HRs and P-values were obtained using the log-rank test.

Fig 5: DKK1 is a candidate indicator for the sensitivity of GC cells to platinum. a,b The volcano plot illustrates that DKK1 is the most significantly downregulated gene in the comparison of the top 5 CDDP-resistant vs. top 5 CDDP-sensitive GC cell lines (a), and in the comparison of the top 10 CDDP-resistant vs. top 10 CDDP-sensitive GC cell lines (b). c Venn diagram showing the overlap of the significantly (FC = 2 and P < 0.05) DEGs. d,f Correlation analyses of DKK1 mRNA levels and log2 (IC50s) of the 20 GC cell lines to CDDP (d) and 5-FU (f). e,g GC cell lines were classified into DKK1high and DKK1low groups according to the median mRNA expression level of DKK1. The IC50s of the two groups of GC cell lines to CDDP (e) and 5-FU (g) were compared using two-tailed unpaired Student's t test. Due to the absence of the IC50 data of five GC cell lines against 5-FU, the number of GC cell lines included for analysis in (f) and (g) was 15. h Comparison of DKK1 mRNA levels in the four GC molecular subtypes of TCGA cohort. i Comparison of DKK1 mRNA levels in the four GC molecular subtypes of ACRG cohort.