Fig 2: Flow cytometric detection of BM-MSCs. BM-MSCs were labelled for the MSC surface makers Vimentin, CD44, CD90 and CD105. The control sample was cells incubated with PBS and no antibodies. The rates of cells positively expressing each marker were all >96%. Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation. CD, cluster of differentiation; VIM, vimentin; BM-MSCs, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.

Fig 3: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) of Ki67 and MSC marker genes for the PoPP and AcPP. PoPP: (A,C,E,G); AcPP: (B,D,F,H), (A,B) IHC staining of Ki67 (red arrowheads). (C,D) IHC staining of CD73. (E,F) IHC staining of CD90. and (G,H) IHC staining of CD105. Scale bar = 50 µm.

Fig 4: Characterization of rBM-MSCs. (A) Primary cultured rBM-MSCs were spindle or polygonal in shape and formed colonies following 96 h incubation. (B) Following passage three, cells exhibited a fibroblast-like morphology (×100 magnification). Indirect immunofluorescence analysis indicated positive expression of the cell surface markers (C) CD29, (D) CD44 and (E) CD90, but not (F) CD34 and (G) CD45. (H) Control cells (magnification, ×200). rBM-MSCs, rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.

Fig 5: Isolation and identification of ADSCs. (A) The morphology of ADSCs is presented. Scale bar, 50 µm. (B) The ADSCs were identified by the positive and negative markers, including CD90, CD44, CD34, and CD45, using immunofluorescence analysis. Scale bar, 50 µm. (C and D) The GFP-labeled ADSCs was identified by in vivo fluorescence tracing. Scale bar, 50 µm. ADSCs, adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells.