Fig 2: Alteration of the relative density of intracellular metabolic controllers in synapses (A–C) and outside synapses (D–F) in the cerebral cortex of 9-month-old female WT and APP/PS1 mice. (A–C) Cerebrocortical synaptosomes (purified synapses) from APP/PS1 mice displayed a decreased density of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1; (A)), whereas there was no change in the density of sirtuin 3 (SIRT3; (B)) or of sestrin 2 (SESN2; (C)). (D–F) In total extracts (mostly extra-synaptic content) from APP/PS1 mice, there was a decreased density of SIRT1 (D) and of SESN2 (F), whereas there was no change in the density of SIRT3 (E). GAPDH (1:5000) was used as a loading control and results are presented as a ratio between the density of the protein of interest and GAPDH. Data are mean ± SEM of 4–7 experiments (number of different animals tested). ? p < 0.05 and ?? p < 0.01, using a Student’s unpaired t-test.

Fig 3: Effects of AKI surgery and metformin on renal structure and function. (A) Plasma creatinine concentration (PCr); means ± SEM; n = 4–8 per group. (B,D) Representative H&E staining and statistical analysis; means ± SEM; n = 5 per group. (C) Immunoblotting of Sesn2 with isolated cardiomyocytes from Sesn2f/f or cSesn2-/- mouse hearts.