Fig 1: TriCurin is more potent than curcumin in regulating p53 in TC-1 cellsAfter vehicle or drug treatment of TC-1 cells (as described in Figure 3), the cells were probed for p53 (green) and acetyl-379K-p53 (red). (A, D, G) Vehicle-treated cells show virtually no p53 or acetyl-p53. (B, E, H) Curcumin treatment causes an increase in both p53 as well as acetyl-p53 over time. (C, F, I) TriCurin elicits a more dramatic increase in both p53 as well as acetyl-p53 compared to curcumin. Scale bar: 150 µm. (J) Normalization of acetyl-p53 to total p53 reveals a progressive increase in acetylation of p53 (activation) after curcumin or TriCurin treatment (compared to vehicle-treated control), but TriCurin elicits a three-fold higher activation than curcumin after 6 h. (K) A pronounced increase in p53 expression (induction) is observed compared to the vehicle-treated control in both curcumin as well TriCurin-treated cells, but a two-fold higher induction is observed with TriCurin than with curcumin after 6 h of treatment. (L) The combination of activation and induction of p53 yields an overall induction in active p53 after either curcumin or TriCurin treatment. TriCurin yields a six-fold higher induction in active p53 than curcumin after 6 h (p < 0.005). P-values: (compared to vehicle-treated control): #p < 0.01; ?: p < 0.005. Data expressed as mean ± S.E.M.