Fig 1: The status of mBMMSCs after colocalization of GFP, Runx2 and Lpl. a, b After the infusion of normal saline and stem cells, on the third day after orthodontic application, Runx2-GFP-positive cells were expressed on the compression and tension sides of the distal roots of the first molars of mice. c, d Statistical results of Runx2-GFP-labelled mBMMSCs in the periodontal ligament of the compression side and tension side of the first molar in the mBMMSC and normal saline injection groups. *P < 0.05 versus the tension side. e, f After normal saline and stem cell infusion, expression of Lpl-GFP-positive cells on the compression and tension sides of the distal root of the first molar of the mouse was observed on the third day after orthodontic application. g, h Statistical results of Lpl-GFP-labelled mBMMSCs in the periodontal ligament of the compression side and tension side of the first molar in the mBMMSC and normal saline injection groups. a, b, e, f The yellow dashed box indicates the magnified area of the tension side, and the purple dashed box indicates the magnified area of the compression side. The large white arrow represents the direction of orthodontic force, and the small white arrow shows positive cells (N = 5/group). a-i, b-i, e-i, f-i DAPI staining colocalized with GFP staining; a-ii, b-ii DAPI staining colocalized with Runx2 staining; e-ii, f-ii DAPI staining colocalized with Lpl staining; a-iii, b-iii DAPI staining colocalized with Runx2 and GFP staining; and e-iii, f-iii DAPI staining colocalized with Lpl and GFP staining. Blue indicates the nucleus shown by DAPI staining. Red indicates the nucleus shown by Runx2 staining in a and b, and the nucleus shown is by Lpl staining in e and f. PDL, periodontal ligament; NS, injection normal saline group; mBMMSCs, injection stem cell group. The scale bars in a, b, e and f are 50 µm, and the scale bars in a-i, a-ii, a-iii, b-i, b-ii, b-iii, e-i, e-ii, e-iii, f-i, f-ii and f-iii are 20 µm