Fig 1: Spermidine promotes FTO expression via IQGAP1. (A and B) Co-IP and immunofluorescence assays were used to detect the direct interaction of AMD1 and FTO. (C) Quantification of the spermidine level in MHCC97H cells transfected with AMD1 knockdown and the negative control vectors. **p < 0.005 (D) Western blot analysis was used to detect the expression change of FTO, NANOG, SOX2, and KLF4 on spermidine treatment. (E) Immunofluorescence assays were used to detect the direct interaction of FTO and IQGAP1. (F and G) Co-IP and western blot analysis were used to evaluate the associativity of FTO and IQGAP1 and the phosphorylation of FTO on spermidine treatment. IQCAP1 was used as a loading control. (H) Ubiquitination assay for the effects of spermidine on FTO ubiquitination. (I) Western blot analysis was used to detect the expression change of FTO, NANOG, SOX2, and KLF4 on IQGAP1 deficient condition