Fig 1: ELK1 promoted pancreatic cancer cells progression via LGMN in vivo. (A–C) Tumor volume of ASPC-1 cells with ELK1 knocked down as well as LGMN rescue were monitored. *p < 0.001, **p < 0.001, between ELK1-KD group and control group, ELK1-KD+LGMN-OE group and control group in ASPC-1 cells (A). *p = 0.0013, **p < 0.001, between ELK1-KD group and control group, ELK1-KD group and ELK1-KD+LGMN-OE group in ASPC-1 cells (C). (D) Tumor weight of ASPC-1 cells with ELK1 knocked down as well as LGMN rescued were analyzed. *p < 0.001, **p < 0.001, between ELK1-KD group and control group, ELK1-KD group and ELK1-KD+LGMN-OE group in ASPC-1 cells.
Fig 2: ELK1 and LGMN negatively associated with prognosis in pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients. (A) Expression of ELK1 and LGMN in pancreatic cancer tissues. (B–D) Kaplan-Meier survival analysis in PDAC patients (n = 173) according to the ELK1 and LGMN expression. High ELK1 (B), LGMN (C) and both (D) expression patients showed significantly shorter 5-year OS than patients with low ELK1 (B), LGMN (C) and both (D) expression in their tumors by long-rank test (p < 0.0001).
Fig 3: Knockdown of ELK1 reduced LGMN expression in pancreatic cancer cells. (A–F) RT-PCR analysis of SP1, ELK1, GATA3, NFAT1, E2F1 and c-JUN levels after transfection of respective siRNAs in PANC-1 cells. Three types of siRNA were used. (G) RT-PCR analysis of LGMN mRNA expression after transfection of effective siRNAs in PANC-1 cells, the mRNA level was normalized to GAPDH. p = 0.0057 between ELK1-KD and control group, p = 0.0021 between NFAT1 and control group. (H) Western blot analysis of LGMN levels after transfection of effective siRNAs in PANC-1 cells. (I) Luciferase assay of LGMN transcriptional activity after transfection of ELK1 siRNAs or control in PANC-1 cells. p = 0.029 between LGMN-promoter-WT+siELK1 and control group.
Fig 4: ELK1 positively correlated with LGMN expression in vivo. (A,B) Immunohistochemical analysis of LGMN (A) and ELK1 (B) expression of ASPC-1 cells. Figures shown that ELK1 and LGMN were expressed in ASPC-1 cells. ELK1 was not expressed in ELK1-KD group and ELK1-KD+LGMN-OE group. LGMN was rarely expressed in ELK1-KD group and rescued its expression in ELK1-KD+LGMN-OE group.
Fig 5: ELK1 promoted pancreatic cancer cells survival via LGMN. (A,B) FACS apoptotic analysis of PANC-1 and ASPC-1 cells with ELK1 knocked down as well as LGMN rescued. *p = 0.0015, **p < 0.001 between ELK1-KD group and control group, ELK1-KD group and ELK1-KD+LGMN-OE group in PANC-1 cells. *p < 0.001, **p < 0.001, between ELK1-KD group and control group, ELK1-KD group and ELK1-KD+LGMN-OE group in ASPC-1 cells.
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