Fig 2: Immunohistochemical analysis of tumor nodule. (A) Correlation between tumor masses growth rates and: CA9 in untreated and (C) cisplatin-treated mice, (B) MCM2 in untreated and (D) cisplatin-treated mice. (E) Correlation between tumor masses growth rates and apoptosis in untreated and (F) cisplatin-treated mice. (G) Correlation between tumor masses growth rates and Ki67 in untreated (H) and cisplatin-treated mice. (I) Correlation between tumor masses growth rates and GD2 in untreated and (J) cisplatin-treated mice. The graphs show in left y-axis the growth rate of the tumor masses, expressed as mm3/day, and in the right y-axis the positive area of staining calculated by ImageJ software. On the x-axis, the mice involved in the study.

Fig 3: Effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the olfactory receptor neuron lineage. (A, B) Representative images of immunohistological staining in control hamsters (A) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) hamsters (B). Sex-determining region Y-box 2 (SOX2)+ progenitor cells, growth-associated protein 4 (GAP43)+ immature olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs), olfactory marker protein (OMP)+ ORNs, Ki67+ proliferating cells, and cleaved caspase-3 (Cas3)+ apoptotic cells are shown in brown. Each cell, except for the numerous OMP+ cells, is indicated by arrows. Tissue sections were counterstained with the nuclear dye hematoxylin (blue). (C) Numbers of SOX2+ ORN progenitors and Ki67+ actively proliferating cells per 300 µm of the basal layer and OMP+ mature ORNs, GAP43+ immature ORNs, and Cas3+ apoptotic cells per 300 µm of olfactory epithelium in each area are counted in control or SARS-CoV-2 hamsters. ***P < 0.001.

Fig 4: In vitro and in vivo antitumor activity of docetaxel and trastuzumab on MCF-7 breast carcinoma. (A and B) In vitro MCF-7 tumor cell growth inhibition induced by docetaxel and trastuzumab evaluated after 3 days of culture. Cell survival was evaluated by MTT assay. Data are means of two experiments and each point was in triplicate. The IC50 values expressed as mean ± SE were 7±0.05 nM for docetaxel and >200 µg/ml for trastuzumab. (C) MCF-7 mammary fat pad tumor-bearing mice were treated as indicated according to the schedule q7dx3 (n=8/group), starting 6 days after tumor implantation. TVI was evaluated 10 days after the last treatment. The statistical comparison of drug-treated group vs. the vehicle treated group was performed by Mann-Whitney U test. (D) Percent of Ki-67+ cells, as detected by immunohistochemical analysis in mammary fat pad tumor lesions of mice treated as indicated (8 mice/group) (**P<0.01 and ***P<0.001 vs. vehicle-treated group, Mann-Whitney U test).

Fig 5: Attenuation of OA by mitochondrial transplantation. (A) Bar graph shows the amount of isolated mitochondria from 1x106 of L6 cells. (B) Representative immunoblots show the expression of Ki-67, STIM1, tubulin, and COX4 in the nuclear, ER, cytosolic, and mitochondrial fractions, respectively. (C) Isolated mitochondira stained with NAO. Representative FACS plot shows percentage of NAO positive mitochondria. (D) Bar graph shows average ATP content of isolated mitochondria. MIA-induced OA rats were observed and evaluated for 29 days (n=5 animals per group). The mitochondrial injection was performed intra-articularly twice weekly. Kinetics of PWL, PWT (E), and weight-bearing (F). (G) Bar graph shows the average amount of CTX-II in serum of each group. (H) Representative images of Safranin O-stained cartilage. Scale bar = 100 µm. (I) Average total Mankin score (left) and OARIS score (right). (J) Representative micro CT images of bone. (K) Percentage of bone surface (left) and BV: TV ratio (right). Data are means ± SEM.NAO, nonyl acridine orange.*p<0.05, **p<0.01.