Fig 1: Linear regression analysis of AEA and features of FD. (A) Gastrointestinal motor function. AEA was negatively linear correlated with the gastrointestinal transit rate. (B-D) Duodenal permeability and absorption. AEA was positively linear correlated with L/M ratio (B) and the content of D-lactate (C), while negatively linear correlated with TEER (D). (E-I) Duodenal mucosal barrier. AEA was negatively linear corelated with the relative protein expressions of E-cadherin (E) and ß-catenin (F) and the relative mRNA expressions of Dsc2 (G), Ocln (H) and Cln3 (I). (J-P) Innate immune cells and proinflammatory signaling. AEA was positively linear correlated with the relative amounts of mast cells (J), the relative mRNA expressions of Tlr2 (K), Tlr4 (L) and Rela (M), and the contents of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1ß (N), IL-6 (O) and TNF-a (P) (All data are log10 transformed. p < 0.05 represent significant) (n = 5 rats/group).
Fig 2: Impaired duodenal mucosal barrier was accompanied with decreased immune organs index. (A-D) Duodenal immunofluorescence staining (A, C) and the relative expression (IOD) of E-cadherin (B) and β-catenin (D) (*** p < 0.001 by unpaired t test with Welch’s correction). (E-H) The WB bands (E) and scaled normalized protein expressions of DSC2 (F), ZO-1 (G) and OCLN (H) (** p < 0.01 by Mann Whitney test). (I-L) The relative mRNA expression of Dsc2 (I), Cln3 (J), Tjp1 (K) and Ocln (L) (** p < 0.01, **** p < 0.0001 by unpaired t test with Welch’s correction). (M, N) Indexes of spleen (M) and thymus (N) (* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 by unpaired t test with Welch’s correction). The circles on the bar plots represent individual values with mean ± SEM (bars) (n = 5 rats/group).
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