Fig 1: Effect of overexpressing a-syn in astrocytes on the GDNF levels and neurite outgrowth. Neurites were clearly identified under the fluorescence microscope via immunostaining with an anti-MAP2 antibody: (A) Negative control group (FUIGW-GFP), (B) a-syn-WT-HA group, (C) a-syn-A30P-HA group and (D) a-syn-A53T-HA group. Scale bars, 100 µm. (E) The length of the neurites was quantified using ImageJ software. (F) The levels of GDNF in the supernatants were measured by ELISA. The bars represent mean values ± standard deviation. *P<0.05 vs. FUIGW (negative control). a-syn, a-synuclein; WT, wild-type; HA, influenza A hemagglutinin; GFP, green fluorescence protein; GDNF, glia-derived neurotrophic factor.