Fig 1: Molecular diversity of cell types in the developing human hypothalamus.a Visualization of major classes of cells using t-SNE. Different cell clusters are color coded. Right, expression of known markers in distinct cell clusters (gray, no expression; red, relative expression). HPC: hypothalamic progenitor cell, Glutamatergic: glutamatergic neuron clusters, GABAergic: GABAergic neuron clusters. b Heatmap showing a critical subset of region-specific genes in major hypothalamic and adjacent cell populations including the prethalamus and thalamic eminence (TE). Specific genes related to each spatial domain are highlighted on the left. The color key from purple to yellow indicates low to high gene expression, respectively. PVN/SON: paraventricular nucleus/supraoptic nucleus, SCN: suprachiasmatic nucleus, DMH: dorsomedial hypothalamus, VMH: ventromedial hypothalamus, ARC: arcuate nucleus, LH: lateral hypothalamus, PMN: premammillary nucleus, MMN: medial mammillary nucleus, SMN: supramammillary nucleus. c Visualization of six subtypes of hypothalamic progenitor cells using t-SNE (color on the left, subtypes of HPCs) with known marker expression (right: gray, no expression; red, increased relative expression). d Dot plot for specific markers of six subtypes of hypothalamic progenitor cells. Candidate markers are in red while known markers are in black. The color of each dot (gray, no expression; red, increased relative expression) shows average scale expression, and its size represents the percentage of cells in the subtypes. e A principal curve was fitted to the dominant diffusion map coordinates to order cells along a maturation trajectory. f Immunostaining for candidate markers including TTYH1, FAM107A, and HMGA2 with SOX2 and P-VIM, respectively (n = 3 independent experiments). Higher-magnification views of the boxed regions are shown at the bottom. Scale bars, 100 µm (top), 50 µm (bottom). g Alluvial plot showing the predicted relationship between hypothalamic progenitor clusters (left) and neuronal clusters with spatial location (right). h Integration of hypothalamic and cortical progenitor cells in human was visualized by UMAP, and clusters were colored differentially. Cx: cortex, EN: excitatory neuron, IN: inhibitory neurons, IPC: intermediate progenitor cell. i Gene expression correlation of progenitor subtypes between hypothalamus and cortex were visualized by heatmap. The scale bar indicates the Pearson correlation coefficient. Source data are supplied as a Source Data file.
Fig 2: ScRNA-seq reveals cellular identity of ectopic cells in EML1-heKO cerebral organoids scRNA-seq of 2,335 control and 3,358 EML1-heKO cells (three pooled independent batches and three organoids each). Cells shown in UMAP plot and colored by annotated cell type.Comparison of cell type composition between control and EML1-heKO. Numbers indicate percentage of total cells belonging to the respective cell type.Normalized expression values of COL1A2, COL3A1, LUM, and MEIS2 per cell type (three pooled batches and three organoids each).Gene ontology (GO) term analysis of RG to bRG cells in control and EML1-heKO shows percentage of counts belonging to the set of genes associated with the respective GO term (three pooled batches and three organoids each).Control- and EML1-heKO-derived cerebral organoid stained for COL1A2 and MEIS2. VZ areas are encircled, and squares indicate areas enlarged in F.Control- and EML1-heKO-derived cerebral organoid stained for COL1A2, MEIS2, and MAPT.Representative images showing EGFP control and EGFP-EML1-heKO hybrid cerebral organoid stained for EGFP, FAM107A, and NCAD. Yellow dotted lines indicate morphology of EGFP+ cells (4 independent batches each, 3 organoids per batch, at least 30 ectopic rosettes in total). Data information: RG1: radial glia1, RG to bRG: radial glia to basal radial glia, RG2: radial glia to young neurons, IP, intermediate progenitors; YN, young neurons; MLC, mesenchymal-like cells. (C and D) Asterisks indicate Bonferroni corrected P-values. Wilcoxon rank sum test: ***< 0.001, *< 0.05, ns, not significant. Scale bars: (E) 50 µm; (F) 10 µm; and (G) 50 µm, enlarged 10 µm. Source data are available online for this figure.
Supplier Page from MilliporeSigma for Anti-FAM107A antibody produced in rabbit