Fig 2: Immunohistochemistry analysis of five membrane glycoproteins (carcinoembryonic antigen 5 [CEA], integrin beta 1 [ITGB1], mucin 16 [MUC16], prostate stem cell antigen [PSCA], glucose transporter type 1 [GLUT1]) identified by LC-MS/MS analysis of rBC2LCN-precipitated fractions in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tissues (n = 19) and normal pancreatic tissues (n = 22). A, Representative images of immunohistochemical staining of five membrane glycoproteins (CEA, ITGB1, MUC16, PSCA, GLUT1) in PDAC tissues and normal pancreatic tissues. Black arrow: pancreatic duct. Scale bars, 100 µm. B, The percentage of cells with high expression of each membrane glycoprotein was quantified in PDAC tissues (T; n = 19) and normal pancreatic tissues (N; n = 22). NS: not significant, *P < .05, ***P < .0001

Fig 3: Carcinoembryonic antigen 5 (CEA) is a glycoprotein ligand of rBC2LCN in a pancreatic cancer cell line. A, Immunofluorescence staining of rBC2LCN (green), CEA (red), and nuclei (blue) in Capan‐1 and SUIT‐2 cells. Merge: yellow. Original magnification: ×1000. Scale bars, 50 μm. B, Flow cytometry analysis of CEA and rBC2LCN ligands in Capan‐1 and SUIT‐2 cells. C, Lectin and Western blotting of cell lysates for rBC2LCN and CEA and silver staining of cell lysate. D, rBC2LCN‐precipitated fractions were blotted with rBC2LCN or anti‐CEA polyclonal antibody (pAb) (αCEA) and silver stained

Fig 4: Carcinoembryonic antigen 5 (CEA) is a glycoprotein ligand of rBC2LCN in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patient‐derived xenograft (PDX) models. A, PDAC PDX tissues were stained with rBC2LCN (green) and anti‐CEA monoclonal antibody (mAb) (red). Nuclei: blue. Merge: yellow. Scale bars, 100 μm. B, Lectin and Western blotting of tumor lysates of PDAC PDX model mice with rBC2LCN and anti‐CEA polyclonal antibody (pAb) (n = 3) and silver staining. C, rBC2LCN‐precipitated fractions were blotted with rBC2LCN or anti‐CEA pAb and silver stained. D, Anti‐CEA‐precipitated fractions were blotted with rBC2LCN and anti‐CEA pAb and silver stained