Fig 1: Low-Dose Doxycycline Affects Mitochondrial Function In Vivo(A) Survival of germ-free mice after infection with E. coli and treatment with doxycycline.(B) Protein amounts of mitochondrial-encoded (MT-ND1, MT-ND6) and nuclear-encoded (NDUFS1, HSP60) proteins in the mitochondrial fraction of liver extracts 16 h after doxycycline treatment. Each lane represents one mouse.(C) Enzymatic activity of ETC complexes in liver 12 h after doxycycline treatment. Activity is expressed as % of PBS-treated control, normalized for citrate synthase (CS) activity.(D) CS activity (expressed as % of control) in liver 12 h after doxycycline treatment.(E) Representative images of two independent experiments of transmission electron microscopy in mouse skeletal muscle after doxycycline treatment. Scale bar represents 500 nm.(A) Represents pooled data from four independent experiments. Data in (B) are representative from two independent experiments. (C) and (D) represent mean ± SD of 12 mice/group from two independent experiments. (E) represents data from one experiment; scale bars represent 500 nm. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; ****p < 0.0001. See also Figure S5.